杨宜勇怎么了 杨勇武是谁
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“穷富差异” 英文怎么说
有些政治家的奋斗目标在於缩小贫富的差距。
Some politicians aim at closing the gap between rich and poor.
政府尽力消除贫富之间的差距。
The government tried to level out the differences between the rich and the poor.
贫富之间的差距扩大了。
The gap between the rich and the poor have widen.
贫富之间的差距在扩大。
The gap between the have and the have - not is widen.
缩小贫富之间的差距是政府面临的主要难题之一。
Reducing the gap between rich and poor is one of the main challenges facing the government.
缩小贫富之间的差距是政府面临的主要难题之一。
Reducing the gap between rich and poor is one of the main challenge facing the government.
消除贫富之间的差距
Level out the differences between the rich and the poor
怎样才能缩小贫富之间的差距？
How can we bridge the gap between rich and poor?
贫富之间过于明显的差别
the oversharp distinction between the rich and the poor
回答者： lmx69 - 状元 十四级 11-8 21:26
英文： Narrowing rich-poor gap: A key to China's modernization
Narrowing the divide between the rich and poor is standing as one of the core issues at the fifth plenary of the 16th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC), which opened Saturday.
The income divide among Chinese citizens has been sharply widened since 2003, and has reached the severe "yellow light" warning level.
Gan Yuping, a member of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) holds that China's modernization must give priority to reform of taxation, social security, and more support for rural areas.
Statistics show that as of July this year, Chinese rural areas had over 26.1 million denizens in absolute poverty, despite the fact that 27 Chinese provinces and municipalities scrapped agriculture taxation in 2005, resulting in 20 billion yuan (about 2.5 billion US dollars) of subsidies to agriculture and farmers.
Twenty percent of urban families possess 66.4 percent of the total urban family financial assets. A hearing on personal income taxation was held last month by China's top legislature, the National People's Congress (NPC) Standing Committee, which proposed to increase the tax levying point from 800 yuan (about 100 US dollars) to 1,500 yuan (about 187.5 US dollars).
The Chinese government is considering collecting high-consumption taxation and legacy taxation as ways to reduce the rich-poor gap.
Other measures include building a framework for helping poor citizens and measures to help those unemployed.
A report jointly published by the UN and the World Bank shows that China has become a "paradigm" for poverty elimination. Since China adopted the policy of reform and opening to the outside world, the country's per capita GDP has increased by five times.
China saw a 1.5 million annual reduction of the its population living in poverty in the 2001-2004 period.
Source: Xinhua
中文：发改委专家详解贫富差距
该专家认为，“十一五”期间，只有让老百姓普遍享受经济成果，才能实现协调发展
在十六届五中全会热烈讨论贫富差距之前，一份调查报告显示，目前，政府已经掌握了社会剩余产品总价值的87.5％，留给社会的只有12.5％。
国家发改委经济研究所研究员杨宜勇昨日告诉《第一财经日报》，如果这种局面仍不改变，将会导致社会投资能力差，居民消费能力低以及社会再生产能力被削弱，影响技术进步等严重后果。
一组数据
统计局的数据显示，城镇居民可支配收入的基尼系数不断提高，2003年达到0.34，比2002年提高0.018，“十五”末期有可能会超过0.35。
“这意味着最富有的10%家庭与最贫穷的10%家庭人均可支配收入差距将超过8倍，或者将有六成城镇居民的人均可支配收入达不到平均水平。”杨宜勇表示。
事实上，中国城乡统算的基尼系数早在2000年就超出了国际公认的警戒线0.40，目前则已经超过0.45。
“改革开放已经搞了26年，我们应该考虑让广大的老百姓更加普遍地享受到经济和社会发展的成果。”杨宜勇认为，“十一五”期间也只有这样做，才能实现社会经济的全面协调发展。
两个现象
如果说基尼系数对于普通市民尚显陌生的话，那么行业差距则会让每一个人都感同身受。
“十五”期间，中国的电力、煤气、供水、铁路、通信等行业职工平均工资年增长率均出现了提速、高于“九五”期间平均增长率3~5个百分点。与此同时，金融和保险业、党政机关和社会团体也分别较“九五”期间提高7个百分点和5个百分点以上。
在杨宜勇看来，虽然此间各行业就业者收入水平都有所提高，但提高的程度各不相同。尤为明显的是，垄断行业与一般行业职工间的收入差距则呈持续扩大趋势。
另一个值得关注的现象是，当前全国人均财产性收入增长速度已经是劳动收入（城镇工薪收入和农村经营性收入）增长速度的两倍。也就是说，当一部分人还在努力出卖劳动力换取报酬时，另一部分人已经可以坐享财产带来的收益了，而且前者增长的速度远不及后者。
以2004年前3季度为例，全国城镇居民人均工薪收入同比增长11.8%，而人均财产性收入中的出租房屋收入增幅竟高达54.5%。
由于财产性收入的增幅较快，财产差距的扩大会进一步加剧收入分配的不平等。杨宜勇在起草“十一五”收入分配问题及其对策报告时，提出了予以调控的建议。
让百姓享受经济发展成果
一个公认的规律是，当一个国家的人均GDP从1000美元向3000美元迈进时，往往是产业结构剧烈变化、社会格局重新调整、利益矛盾不断增加、收入加速分化的时期。
杨宜勇认为，当今中国要想平稳地渡过这个难关，就必须全面贯彻落实科学发展观。具体来说，就是要高度重视收入分配问题，让广大的老百姓更加普遍地享受到经济和社会发展的成果。在这个过程中，政府负有最为重要的责任，即必须通过立法及政府行为、通过制定系统的社会政策等来完成。
科学发展观 Scientific Outlook on Development
和谐社会 harmonious society
小康社会 a well-off society in an all-round way
中国特色社会主义 socialism with Chinese characteristics
解放思想，实事求是 emancipated the mind, seek truth from the facts
马克思列宁主义 Marxism-Leninism
毛泽东思想 Mao Zedong Thought
邓小平理论 Deng Xiaoping Theory
“三个代表” Thought of Three Represents
始终代表中国先进生产力的发展要求 Representing the development trend of China's advanced productive forces.
中国先进文化的前进方向 Representing the orientation of China's advanced culture
中国最广大人民的根本利益 Representing the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the Chinese people
四个“坚定不移”
坚定不移地坚持解放思想 to adhere to the emancipation of the mind adamantly,
坚定不移地推进改革开放 to persist in spurring the reform and opening to the outside world
坚定不移地落实科学发展，社会和谐 to promote the scientific development and social harmony perseveringly
坚定不移地全面建设小康社会 to persist in building a well-off society in an all-round way
一个中心、两个基本点 (以经济建设为中心, 坚持四项基本原则、坚持改革开放)
One centre, two basic points (making economic development our central task, follow the policies of reform and opening up, and the Four Cardinal Principles)
科学技术是第一生产力 Science and technology constitute a primary productive force
经济
经济又好又快地发展 good and steady economic growth
减少贫困 reducing poverty
工业化 industrialization
城市化 urbanization
市场化 marketization
国际化 internationalization.
资源节约型、环境友好型社会 energy-efficient, environment-friendly society
国民生产总值 Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
社会
科学发展观 Scientific Outlook on Development
和谐社会 harmonious society
基础教育 primary education
最低生活补助 minimum living/subsistence allowance
节能降耗减排 to save energy, lower energy consumption and reduce pollutants
discharge
学龄儿童 school-age children
民主
群众路线 the mass line
民主集中制 democratic centralism
批评和自我批评 criticism and self-criticism
反对官僚主义 to oppose bureaucratism
避免教条主义to avoid dogmatism
反对形式主义 to oppose formalism
反对奢侈浪费 to oppose extravagance
民生 people's well-being
法制
依法治国 to rule the country according to law
人民代表大会制度 the system of people's congress
中国***领导下的多党合作和政治协商制度 the system of multiparty cooperation and political consultation under the leadership of the Communist Party of China
民主决策、民主监督的制度和程序: systems and procedures of democratic decision-making and supervision
邓小平理论 Deng Xiaoping Theory
“三个代表” Thought of Three Represents
贯彻科学发展观 to implement the Scientific Outlook on Development
和谐社会 harmonious Society
解放思想 emancipate the mind
改革开放policy of reform and opening-up
全面建设小康社会 to build a well-off society in an all-round way
中国特色社会主义 socialism with Chinese-characteristics
经济又好又快地发展 good and steady economic growth
前所未有机遇和挑战 unprecedented opportunities and challenges
时代新要求和人民群众的新期待 requirements of the time and wishes of the people
制定科学的行动纲领和大政方针 to make strategic outlines and policies
成就举世瞩目 to achieve great success
头脑清醒，实事求是 realistic and sober-minded
清醒认识当今世界和当代中国发展的大势 to have a clear view of today's China and the
world
工业化、城镇化、市场化、国际化 industrialization, urbanization, marketization and internationalization.
资源节约型、环境友好型社会 energy-efficient, environment-friendly society
推进决策科学化、民主化 to promote a scientific and democratic decision-making process.
反对官僚主义 to oppose bureaucratism
避免教条主义 to avoid dogmatism
反对形式主义 to oppose formalism
反对奢侈浪费 to oppose extravagance
反腐败斗争的长期性、艰巨性 to fight a long-time, tough war against corruption
思想上清醒、政治上坚定、作风上务实 sober-minded, firm in politics, pragmatic in style of work
工人阶级的先锋队 vanguard of Chinese working class
中国特色社会主义socialism with Chinese characteristics
中国最广大人民的根本利益 fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the Chinese people
先进生产力 advanced productive forces
马克思列宁主义 Marxism-Leninism
毛泽东思想 Mao Zedong Thought
邓小平理论 Deng Xiaoping Theory
“三个代表” Thought of Three Represents
反对帝国主义，封建主义，官僚资本主义 Revolutionary struggle against imperialism, feudalism and bureaucrat-capitalism
人民民主专政 People’s democratic dictatorship
解放思想，实事求是 emancipate the mind, seek truth from the facts
党的建设 Party building
社会主义初级阶段 primary stage of socialism
进一步解放生产力，发展生产力 further emancipate and develop the productive forces
以公有制为主体，多种所有制经济共同发展 keeping public ownership as the mainstay of
the economy and allowing diverse forms of ownership to develop side by side
按劳分配为主体、多种分配方式并存的分配制度 system in which distribution according to work is dominant and a variety of modes of distribution coexist
共同富裕 common prosperity
小康社会 well-off society
以经济建设为中心 to make economic development our central task
坚持四项基本原则 toadhere to the Four Cardinal Principles
坚持改革开放 to persevere in the reform and opening up
坚持社会主义道路、坚持人民民主专政、坚持中国***的领导、坚持马克思列宁主义***
思想 to keep to the socialist road and to uphold the people's democratic dictatorship, leadership by the Communist Party of China, and Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought
富强、民主、文明的社会主义现代化国家 a prosperous, strong, democratic and culturally advanced modern socialist country
科教兴国战略 strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education
科学技术作为第一生产力 science and technology as the primary productive force
社会主义市场经济 socialist market economy
社会主义政治文明socialist political civilization
依法治国 to rule the country according to law
人民代表大会制度 the system of people's congresses
中国***领导下的多党合作和政治协商制度 the system of multiparty cooperation and
political consultation under the leadership of the Communist Party of China
民主决策、民主监督的制度和程序 systems and procedures of democratic decision-making
and supervision
加强精神文明建设 to enhance the social construction of ideological infrastructure
有理想、有道德、有文化、有纪律的人民 opeople with lofty ideals, moral integrity, a good education and a strong sense of discipline
各民族平等、团结、互助 equality, unity and mutual assistance among all ethnic groups in the country
民族区域自治 regional autonomy of ethnic minorities
一国两制 one country, two systems
独立自主的和平外交政策 independent foreign policy of peace
霸权主义和强权政治 hegemonism and power politics
在互相尊重主权和领土完整、互不侵犯、互不干涉内政、平等互利、和平共处五项原则 on the
basis of the five principles of mutual respect for sovereignty and territorial integrity, mutual non-aggression, noninterference in each other's internal affairs, equality and mutual benefit, and peaceful coexistence
拒腐防变 resist corruption, prevent degeneration
与时俱进 to keep pace with the times
坚持全心全意为人民服务 to persevere in serving the people wholeheartedly
群众路线 mass line
民主集中制 democratic centralism
批评和自我批评 criticism and self-criticism
高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜 to hold high the "great banner of socialism with Chinese Characteristics"
建设中国特色社会主义 to build socialism with Chinese characteristics
改革开放 reform and opening up
全面建设小康社会to build a moderately prosperous society in all respects
和谐社会 harmonious society
解放思想、实事求是emancipate the mind, seek truth from facts
勇于变革、勇于创新to make bold changes and innovations
永不僵化、永不停滞to stay away from rigidity or stagnation
不为任何风险所惧to fear no risks
不被任何干扰所惑never be confused by any interference
科学发展观 Scientific Outlook on Development
正确处理改革发展和稳定的关系to balance reform, development and stability
高度集中的计划经济highly centralized planned economy
充满活力的社会主义市场经济robust socialist market economy
封闭或半封闭的国家closed or semi-closed state
改革开放符合党心民心、顺应时代潮流。Reform and opening up accord with the aspirations of the Party membership and the people and keep up with the trend of the times.
改革开放方向和道路是完全正确的，成效和功绩不容否定，停顿和倒退没有出路。
The path of reforms and opening up are entirely correct, and their merits and achievements can never be negated. To stop or reverse reforms and opening-up would only lead to a blind alley.
以邓小平理论和“三个代表”重要思想为指导 to follow the guidance of Deng Xiaoping Theory and the thought of Three Represents
新时期最突出的标志是与时俱进。Keeping up with the times is the most prominent hallmark in the new period
经济实力大幅提升。Economic strength increased substantially.
改革开放取得重大突破。 Major breakthroughs were made in reform and opening up.
人民生活显著改善。People's living standards improved significantly.
社会建设全面展开 Social development proceeded in an all-round way.
全方位外交 all-directional diplomacy
党的建设 Party building
实现人均国内生产总值到2020年比2000年翻两番to quadruple the per capita GDP of the year 2000 by 2020
优化结构to optimizing the economic structure
提高经济效益to improve economic returns
降低消耗to reduce consumption of resources
保护环境to protect the environment
能源、资源节约型及环保型产业结构 energy- and resource-efficient and environment-friendly structure of industries
可再生能源 renewable energy sources
建设资源节约型、环保型社会 to build a resource-conserving, environment-friendly society
二氧化硫排放 discharges of sulfur dioxide
停水 suspension of water supplies
公务员阳光工资是怎么回事?
阳光工资是指在帐面上的,意为"可以见得光的",“限高、保中、补低”
是高薪养廉的一个举措
此次调资是自1988年以来的第四次，涨幅为30％，在职人员平均提高100元。增长部分从2001年1月1日起补发。调整公务员薪酬，对机关事业单位人员来讲无疑是一件令人愉快的事情，国家计委宏观经济研究院人力资源研究室主任、中国人民大学人力资源开发与管理研究中心杨宜勇博士称，涨工资就是为了留住人才。
我国公务员待遇偏低是长期遗留的问题，公务员的工资水平和企业职工的工资水平基本不相上下，这种比价实际上是不合理的，因为公务员队伍无论在人员构成、学历水平和综合素质方面都比较高，人力资本的投入也比较大，如果在待遇方面没有相应的体现，难免会造成公务员队伍的不稳定，因此，适当增加公务员的薪水是情理之中的事情。从国家宏观形势看，今年国有大中型企业实现了三年脱困目标，下岗职工基本得到妥善安置，社会保障系统日益完善，也对公务员加薪提供了一个有利时机。
杨宜勇认为，现在的公务员与过去的公务员概念已不完全一样，从公务员的招聘、录用、任用到解聘都逐渐实现了市场化，公务员的素质有了很大提高。另外，近几年机关事业单位人员进行了大幅度精简，公务员3年内裁减了50％。公务员数量少了，工作量却加大了，在这种情况下，给公务员提高待遇，有利于留住人才，发挥他们的作用。
对于公务员的重要性，杨博士作了形象比喻：老百姓像是坐车的人，而公务员则像司机，既要懂技术，还得认路，判断方向，把一车的人带好，别掉沟里。所以，公务员的责任更重，其影响带有社会性。
政府一直提倡国家机关要靠事业留人，杨宜勇认为，以薪酬留人是事业留人的基础，是重要补充，两者并不矛盾。目前，国外公务员工资是在经过广泛市场调查的基础上，参照大企业同资历人员的工资标准制定的，一般来讲，公务员与企业平均工资之比应维持在1．5—2：1的水平，才算基本合理。90年代初以来，我国也开始借鉴这些经验，但还未形成成熟的体系。
对于以薪养廉的目的能否达到，杨宜勇认为，适量增加公务员的薪水不一定能够养廉，但低薪的确很难养廉。过去，因为公务员薪金报酬无法与其价值相吻合，职位工资界限不清造成心理不平衡，在公务员身上体现出来的就是灰色收入的出现。减少以至杜绝这种现象发生，关键是要造就一支优良的公务员队伍，要有配套的激励机制及吸引更多的高素质人才加盟公务员队伍的薪酬体系，从而保证国家行政系统的运作效率。
杨宜勇认为，中国目前还处于人才短缺时期。人才更注重自我实现、自我发展的追求，因而比一般劳动力更具流动性。加入WTO以后，国外资本将大量涌入，跨国集团将实行人才本土化的发展战略，肯定会网罗大批人才，这其中就包括国家公务员。为了在人才竞争愈加激烈的环境中稳定公务员队伍，更好地使其为我国的经济发展服务，就一定不要回避薪资的作用。伟大的事业与体面的收入结合在一起，才能更好地体现公务员对社会的价值，也才能更有把握地留住人才，吸引人才。
各地不一样的 结合本地的消费水平涨的！
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